Cocking mechanism for pneumatic guns



Sept. 18, 1951 w. s. WELLS 2,568,308

cocKING MECHANISM FOR PNEUMATIC GUNS Filed July 21, 1947 V INVENTOR. WML/#M 5. Wins' Patented Sept. 18, A1951 William S. Wells, Palio Alto, Calif., assignor to Daisy Manufacturing Company, Mich., a corporation of Michigan` Plymouth,

Application July 21, 1947,`seri'a1 Nadczss This invention relates generally to guns and One of the objects of this invention is to pro-i. vide a gun having a cap or sleeve supported for sliding movement on the gun frame at the breech end of the barrel for convenient manipulation by the operator and connected to the cocking mechanism for operating the latter.

Another feature of this invention is to operatively connect the ring pin of the gun to the cap or sleeve for actuation by the latter. In accordance with this invention, rearward sliding movement of the cap to cock the gun eifects va withdrawal of the firing pin from the barrel to enable a shot to be inserted into the breech end of the barrel in advance of the firing pin, so that return movement of the Icap to its forwardmost or normal position locates the shot in a ring position in the barrel.

A further object of this invention is to provide a latch responsive to return movement of the cap to its no-rmal or forwardmost position to lock the cap in the latter position and releasable to permit rearward sliding movement of the cap by merely depressing the rear end portion of the cap.

The foregoing as well as other objects will be' made more apparent as this description proceeds, especially when considered in connection with the accompanying drawing, wherein:

Figure 1 is a perspective View showing the breech end of a gun embodying the features of this invention; I

Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view taken on the plane indicated by the line 2--2 .of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a fragmentary perspective view ofV a part of the cooking mechanism shown in Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a fragmentary perspective view of another part of the cooking mechanism;

Figure 5 is a cross sectional View taken on the-iy line 5-5 of Figure 2; .f

Figure 6 is a cross sectional view taken on the line 6-6 of Figure 2; and

Figure 7 is a sectional view taken substantially on the line I-'I of Figure 5. Y

Referring now more in detail to the several figures of the drawing, it will be noted that the reference character I0 indicates the breech end portion of a gun having a frame II comprising a barrel I2, a storage chamber I3 for air under pressure, and a tubular compartment I4 locatedV at the breech end of the barrel in axial spaced 7 claims. (C1. 124-13) relationship tothe storage nchamber I3. As shown in Figure 2 of the drawing, an outlet opening I5 is formed'in the rear end of the storage chamber I3 and communicates with a passage I6 formed inthe frame II ofthe gun. The passage 'I6 is connected to the tubular compartment I4 by an axially extending bore I'I and is also connected to the barrel I2 bya lateral extension I8.

The ow of air under pressure into the barrel I2 through the pas-sage IB is controlled by a valve IS preferably of the type shown and described in detail in my copending application Serial No. 762,391, led July 21, 1947 and now abandoned.

Briefly, the valve I9 comprises a pad or valvel member 20 formed of a suitable deformable material and slidably supported in the storage chamber I3. The valve member is normally urged by the pressure in the storage chamber against a at seat 22 surrounding the opening I5 and is moved away from the seat to its open position by a plunger 2l. The plunger 2| is slidably supported in the bore I'I and projects through the passage I6 into engagement with the valve member 20.

The rear end of the plunger 2| projects into the tubular compartment I4, and is engaged by an anvil 23. The anvil is secured to the front end of a rod 24 and is provided with a cylindrical flange of suicient diameter to slidably engage the inner surface of the tubular compartment I4. The rear end of the rod 24 is slidably supported in a Ibreech block 25 which serves to close the rear end of the tubular compartment I4 and acts as an abutment for the rear end of a coil spring 2B. The coil spring 26 surrounds the rod 24 andengages a hammer-21. `The hammer 2l is slid'- ably supportedon the rod 24 and is provided With a head 28 at the rear end thereof forming a shoulder 29. I

The hammer 21 is shown in its cocked position in Figure 2 of the drawing, and is held in this position by a scar 3l] pivotally supported on the gun frame I I below the compartment I4 for swinging movement in a vertical plane. An arm 3| on the sear projects into the compartment I4 through a slot 32 formed in the adjacent wall of the cornpartment, and is adapted to engage the shoulder 29. A second arm 33 on the sear is engaged by a trip 34 pivotally supported on the gun frame II for swinging movement in a vertical plane and adapted to be operated by a trigger T.

The coil spring 26 is held under compression in the cocked position of the hammer 21, and is retained under compression until the sear 30 is operated by the trip to release the arm 3l from the shoulder 29 on the hammer. When this is 3 accomplished, the hammer 21 is in effect thrown in a forward direction along the rod 24 by the force of the spring 26 and applies a blow on the anvil 23 at the front end of the rod 24. The forceof the blow is transferred to the valve member 28, and is sufficient to move the valve member in @a direction away I :fromI the;- seat to permi'ttheV escapota limitd'lain'unt of yair under pressure from the storage chamber I3 into will be noted that the cap 39 is connected to the block 40 for actuating the latter. In the present instance the block 40 is formed with a transversely extending slot 48 intermediate the ends thereof, and a screw 49 is threadably supported in the top wall of the cap 39 in a position to enable the:shank of the screw to extend intojthe slot 48. Thus-th cap 39 provides a convenient rgripvl for the operator to enable readily manipulating the cockthe barrel I2. The air under pressure is admittettf liking mechanism.

to the barrel I2 at a point in the rear of the ring Inorder tor prevent accidental sliding moveposition of a shot 35 previouslylocatedintheV A""'f''fentofftheecap 39v and associated parts in a barrel by a positioning pin 36 about to be described. The positioning pin 36 is vsldaloly:PsupllOIi'leclim the breech end of the barrel I2, and is retractabli from its advanced position shownin Figure 2 of.

*"iearward direction when the muzzle end of the --ba-rreIfiS'tipped upwardly, suitable latch means the drawing to a position whereinthe'ifriontend" offthefdrawing, the inner upstanding flanges 52 thereof is spaced rearwardly beyond an fopeni-ng. 31 formed at the uppe` end of the barrel for receiving` shotf.I 'Tinus-When` the. positioning pin. ir: its 4retracted f position. a shotA may' be -v inel sertedfz'into the; barrelf through theI opening: 31,- infiadvance of the positioning-pin.. TheA .position-v in'g'pin -3 ,operated by the cooking: mechanism designatedfgenera-lly byethereferencenumeral 98. Thisafcockingf mechanism comprises affslidable.. sleeve or eap 39:and-a block-4IL` y-Theblock. 48 is :positioned .beyond thee-breech emiro-f f the barrel I Il;y and is-connected tothe rear, endtoffthelpositioning 'pin- -3-6S byfa suitable vpin .4 I Asz'shown particularlyain Figure 6 of the drawing; theif'block 48 isfformed with a-rib 42 at the under-1v side thereofewhfich pro-.i ects downwardly into' ythe ccm'ipartn'ent.Y I4f'throug-han. elongated slot-43 formed inf the: topl wall- 1 of -the-f compartment I4-. Theribf 421 `extends lengthwiseg of theeblock 4I)`- between opposite sideedges-offtheE latter, andv is?. 'forment with laterally z outwardly" extendingflanges 44"respectively engageablefwiththe l*in-ner. sur-facefofi-thteftubular: compartment-I 4- atoppo-A` sitsides fof theslot 4 3;

Aeprojectioninithe `form ofiafscrew't 452 extends: downwardly from the rib 42 in the path of travel of'fthe l'iad 28 ont: the.' hamm-er. 21 -1 1 -The-x arrangementi4 isi s'u'eh that* w-herr theV` hammer 21% ist. ini released f. or.r forwardmost position;the slioirlfder 29 .-'ergages'f-tlieiprojection A45, .sothati rearwardmoveinent 'zof"the"blocl Mito. withdraazv: th f positienin'grfpin. 36f'effcts as corresponding? movement offth'efhainmerZ'Ifto its 'cocked posi-i tion slfi'owrrzinFigure'- 2of` the 'drawings D'uring rearward movem'entof the! Hammer AIIT; thehead portion 128? merely's'lide's over 'the arm 3Iv ofi the a'bling this" arm-Ti to aigfainv engage' the:

visfprovided. In detail the opposite side flanges 46fad'jacent thereari'end of the cap 39 are formed with upwardlyZ opening channel portions 5I at 'the lower edges thereof. As shown in Figure 4 of the channel-shaped portions 5I are formed with laterally inwardly extending-'flanges 53jat th'eupper edges thereof. Itwillwalso benoted that`the breech block 25 is formed-with an url -V wardly projecting longitudinally extending. ribv 54`having evflanges 55 extendingv laterall-yfou-twardly fromy thel upper end thereof and providing-'a headfif It-will 1be-noted fromFigures '3 and 7-' of i the drawings that the-laterally inwardly extending@ flanges 53 on the capH3`9f-terminate shortof-fthe rearend ofthe cap,.and the rear ends 5-`I on :the

anges 53-are adapted to respectivelyabut-the front-endsof .the flangesl 55on `the, head 55 ofthe. breechblock when the cap is in-ts forwardmost, position shownin Figure 2 of the-drawing.V VVThe rear ends ofrthe anges 53-rare yieldablyheldfin a'l position where they abutthe' flanges 551-|by1I a leaf. jspring- 58-having 'the frontend? secured'to'. the. underside off-the top, wall of the cap bya-rivety 59; and -having-thef'rearf end bowed 1 downwardlyy to engage an arcuate surface'viirformed:at:theV top o f then-head" 56-on the 'fbreech--blockz It followsifrom xthef above; that accidental irearl-I wardt displacement of the cap 39'1from-:the-lpositionf thereofshown :in 'Figure 2. of the' `'drawing isifprea Vented ibyfengagem'ent of the' rear'fen'dsi 'l-onither an'g'es 53I'w'ith fthe 'front ends: of: the-cflan'ge'svr 5.5i' on the breech block. It this connection iti isy` pointed outt'fh'owever, th'attle` lateral'fdistance between-'the 1klongitudinal .edges 'of the` Haugen-53E isfsom'ewhat greater Vthan th'e lwidth of the-rib" 54a- As a resultthecap' 39-may b'efunlatchedfrornl itsl-'operativef positionvshownvin Figure 2` 'ofi-the drawingbylmerely depressing therear end of "the Vcap against theaction of the ieaffsprmgf 532m locate? the-flangesvv 53 belowl the flanges -55`1orfthe breech-blocki Wh'enithefap i's'in thefdepressed position noted above, it may be readily-shifted rearwardly! since f the flanges;` 5`3 are free: tI pass alngoppositefsides of V'the' rib' v54'. As"surifiin'g'fl''thatc the cap 39 is in its retracted or rearwardnost' position' and fis fshi-ftedfrwafrdly; it willY benoted that the springe58`lautomatically raises'therear end offtlieeapfto -Ath'e-pesitionfshown' 'in' Figure 7 ofthe drawing as soon as thefrear*endsV i'Il of' the'c iian'gs'L 53 *are advanced to-4 the" frontv side `of the h ead 56 on the breech block 25':A Thustl cap 39liselatched' infits' normal position withbtany special manipulation on" the part "ofthe" userz' Wh'at I"cl'air`n as *my invention is:

l 1j'. gunbomprising aframehavng a barrel; ak shot 'positioning'"pin` slidably supported'l ini 'the` breechen'd'of the barrel for advancing 'shot' to 'a1 firingr position in saidbarreli'means for 'rin'gj shttlirgh 'the barrel including ai'spi'r'ig op,-

erable hammer, releasable means for holding the hammer in a cocked position, a member supported on the frame at the breech end of the barrel for fore and aft sliding movement, cooperating means on said frame and member preventing relative rotation between said member and frame and supporting said member for longitudinal fore and aft movement on said frame, a connection between said member and positioning pin, and means rigidly connected with said member disposed in the path of travel of a part on said hammer and moveable fore and aft of said frame in accordance with the movement of said member so as to move said hammer to its cocked position in response to movement of the member in a direction to retract said positioning pm.

2. A gun comprising a frame having a barrel, a shot positioning pin slidably supported in the breech end of the barrel for advancing shot to a firing position in the barrel, a member supported on the frame at the breech end of the barrel for sliding movement longitudinally oi' the barrel cooperating means on said member and frame preventing relative rotation between said member and frame and supporting said member for fore and aft longitudinal movement on said frame, means connecting said member to said poitioning pin so that said positioning lin will be actuated by movement of said member, and releasable means responsive to movement ol the member to its forwardmost position with respect to the barrel to releasably retain the member in its advanced position in said barrel.

3. A gun comprising a frame having a barrel, a shot positioning pin slidably supported in the breech end of the barrel for advancing shot to a firing position in the barrel, a member supported on the frame at the breech end of the barrel for sliding movement longitudinally of the barrel and connected to the positioning pin for actuating the latter, and a cap for the breech end of the frame carrying means engaging said frame and preventing relative rotation between said cap and frame and supporting said cap for sliding movement longitudinally of the barrel and rigidly connected to the member for actuating the latter.

4. A gun comprising a frame having a barrel adapted to receive shot, a shot positioning pin slidably supported in the breech of the barrel for advancing shot to a ring position in the barrel, means for firing shot through the barrel including a spring operated hammer, releasable means for holding the hammer in its cocked position, an inverted substantially channelshaped cap supported on the top of the frame at the breech end of the latter for sliding movement longitudinally of the barrel means connecting said channel-shaped cap to said shot positioning pin so that movement of said cap will actuate said pin, and means for moving the hammer to its cocked position in response to sliding movement of the cap in one direction relative to the frame.

5. A gun comprising a frame having a barrel adapted to receive shot, means for iiring shot through the barrel including a spring operated hammer, releasable means for holding the hammer in its cocked position, a cap for the breech end of the frame carrying means engaging said frame and preventing relative rotation between said cap and frame and supporting said cap for sliding movement longitudinally of the barrel, means for moving the hammer to its cocked position in response to sliding movement of the cap in a rearward direction relative to the frame, and means responsive to forward movement of said cap to releasably retain the latter against accidental displacement from its forwardmost position relative to the barrel.

6. A gun comprising a frame having a barrel, a shot positioning pin slidably supported in the breech end of the barrel for advancing shot to a ring position in the barrel, a manually operable member supported on the top of the frame above said pin for sliding movement in a direction longitudinally of the barrel and for tilting movement relative to said frame, means connecting said member to the positioning pin for actuating the latter upon sliding movement of the member, latch means for holding said member in its forwardmost position with respect to the barrel and releasable in response to downward tilting movement of the member relative to said frame.

'7. A gun comprising a frame having a barrel, an inverted substantially channel-shaped cap supported on the top of the frame at the breech end of the barrel for sliding movement in a direction longitudinally of the barrel and for limited tipping movement relative to the frame, latch means for holding the cap in its forwardmost position with respect to the barrel and releasable in response to tipping movement of the cap in a downward direction, and spring means resisting tipping movement of the cap in said downward direction.

WILLIAM S. WELLS.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record inthe file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,146,753 Dickey July 13, 1915 1,192,308 Hicks July 25, 1916 1,292,665 Udesen Jan. 28, 1919 1,512,993 McLean Oct. 28, 1924 1,825,489 Tostenson Sept. 29, 1931 2,283,300 Vincent May 9, 1942 

